The Optical Brighteners are fluorescent white dyes that absorb ultraviolet region (340 – 370 nm), light of electromagnetic region emit back visible blue light region (420 – 470 nm). By the way, Optical Brighteners sometimes called Optical Bleaches or Fluorescent Whitening Agents.
This property of Optical Brighteners makes optical brightener effective at masking any yellowing that may be present in cotton fabric. Because the main use of these dyes in laundry detergents and Textile finishing, Optical Brightener are generally found in domestic waste waters that have a component of laundry effluent.
1. Whiteness and Brightness
Optical Brighteners can make white textile whiter and brighter. Colored textile materials tend to appear brighter. OBAs are present in most domestic applications, but these are usually only suitable for cellulosic textile material.
2. Light Fastness
The poor overall light fastness of fluorescent brighteners is due to their continuous absorption and emission of light which results in their chemical degradation.
3. Washing Fastness
The washing fastness rating of fluorescent brighteners is about 3. The fair washing fastness of fluorescent brighteners is partly due to their lack of substantively of textile materials and their gradual degradation by exposure to sunlight.
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